Regulated Power Supply
A regulated power supply is a circuit which supplies a stable voltage to a circuit or a device that must be operated within certain power supply limits. The output from the regulated power supply may be alternating or unidirectional, but is nearly always DC (direct current).
A
regulated power supply is one that controls the output voltage or current to a
specific value; the controlled value is held nearly constant despite variations
in either load current or the voltage supplied by the power supply’s energy
source. Regulated power supply is preferred in order to prevent the damage of
the components. As mentioned above, most of the ICs need standard DC voltage of
fixed magnitude for their proper functioning. The majority of the ICs have a
required voltage range varying between -18V and +18V.
Part List
1-Digital multimeter
1-PCB Hand Drill with 4 0.5mm bit
12x12 Copper Board
500ml-Ferric Chloride
7805, 5V regulator
7812, 12V regulator
AT89S52
microcontroller
LM358 dual-operational
amplifier
RFID reader - 9-pin 125kHz RFID reader
2 - 5mm light-emitting diode
2 - 5mm infrared transmitter diode
2 - 5mm infrared receiver diode
4 - 1N4007 rectifier diode
1 - BC547 transistor
Radio-frequency identification
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the wireless non-contact use of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data, for the purposes of automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically stored information. Some tags are powered by and read at short ranges (a few meters) via magnetic fields (electromagnetic induction). Others use a local power source such as a battery, or else have no battery but collect energy from the interrogating EM field, and then act as a passive transponder to emit microwaves or UHF radio waves (i.e.,electromagnetic radiation at high frequencies). Battery powered tags may operate at hundreds of meters. Unlike a bar code, the tag does not necessarily need to be within line of sight of the reader, and may be embedded in the tracked object.
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